Produtividade agroeconômica de mandioquinha-salsa ‘amarela de carandaí’ em resposta ao arranjo espacial das plantas e a épocas de colheita

Abstract

The peruvian carrot (Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr) is a vegetable that has gained due to its high nutritional qualities and excellent palatability, however, information regarding the cultural treatments and cultivation forms that can be used in the crop, are still scarce in different regions of Brazil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate an agroeconomic productivity of peruvian carrot 'Amarela de Carandaí' plants in response to different spatial arrangements of plants and harvest times. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme 4 (square, square triangle, rectangle and triangle rectangle) x 3 (180, 210 and 240 days after planting - DAP) in a randomized experimental block design with five repetitions each. The research results induced that the highest chlorophyll index (37.56) was in peruvian carrot plants grown with the rectangular spatial arrangement and a maximum height (19.23 cm) in plants grown in the rectangular spatial arrangement of the triangle. The maximum diameter of the pseudostem (40.99 mm) of peruvian carrot plants occurred at 138 DAP. The largest accumulations of dry leaf masses (5.76 Mg ha 1 ) were obtained in the spatial rectangle triangle arrangement, and the dry crown masses (6.04 Mg ha -1 ), shoots (4.76 Mg ha-1 ) and marketable roots (6.46 Mg ha-1 ) were adjusted in plants grown in the rectangular triangle spatial arrangement. The lowest total cost of production observed was R$ 14,533.37 for plants grown in the square treatment with harvest performed at 180 DAP and the highest cost of R$ 20,217.57 for plants grown in a rectangular spatial arrangement, harvested at 240 DAP. The lowest gross income obtained was R$ 20,400.00 with the plants grown in the square spatial arrangement and harvested at 180 DAP and the highest gross income obtained was R$ 85,200.00 with the plants grown in the rectangular spatial arrangement with harvest performed at 240 DAP. The highest gross (R$ 85,200.00) and net (R$ 64,982.00) income were modified when cultivating as plants in the rectangular spatial arrangement with harvest at 240 DAP. The highest productivity of marketable roots and the highest gross and net incomes came from peruvian carrot plants grown in the rectangular spatial arrangement and harvesting at 240 DAP.