Adubação foliar e rotação de cultura na produtividade da soja em plantio direto

Abstract

The increase in the productivity of Brazilian soy is directly linked to the use of technologies in the productive sector. Among these technologies is the application of fertilizers and growth regulators via foliar. The use of micro and macronutrients on the leaf is an important practice, as it can supplement or correct the demand for these nutrients at times when plants need it most. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of leaf application of nutrients on the development and productivity of soybean cultivated in a crop rotation system. The experiment was implemented at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), in the city of Dourados, MS, with geographic coordinates of latitude of 22º 14’ 08” S, longitude of 54º 59’ 13” W). The experimental design was in a split plot 15 by 2 treatments with and without application of leaf fertilization, according to leafnutrient application protocols in soybean phenological stages V2/V3, V4/V6, R1 and R4. The soybean variety used was Monsoy 6410 IPRO® Intacta, being sown on the straw of the predecessor crops. The determinations used for the analysis of variance were: plant height, number of reproductive branches per plant, height of insertion of the first pod, number of pods per plant and productivity. It was concluded that the soybean sown in the fallow treatment has lower plant height, lower number of ramifications, lower number of pods per plant and lower productivity; Soybean sown in the monoculture system corn/soybean, corn + Brachiaria/soybean and sorghum/soybean presents lower productivity in relation to treatments with crop rotation; Due to the good soil fertility built up over the years in the no-tillage system, there was no effect of leaf fertilization on soybean yield components.