Cuidados de enfermagem pré e pós cateterismo cardíaco: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

According to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO, 2017) cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Cardiac catheterization is defined as an examination in which the heart is accessed through intravascular catheter insertion, in order to study cardiac anatomy and physiology. It is an early diagnosis method for individuals with heart problems, being the gold standard exam for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. It is of utmost importance that the patient receives prior guidance on the procedure. The study aimed to carry out an integrative review of the Brazilian scientific production on the nursing care performed before and after the cardiac catheterization procedure. This is an integrative literature review, with publications indexed in the VHL, Scielo and Google Scholar databases, with the inclusion criteria being an original article available in its entirety, languages Portuguese, English and Spanish, publication period the years between 2010 and 2020, and answer the research question. Of the total number of articles found, only 9 met the inclusion criteria, and from them, the main nursing care provided before and after the cardiac catheterization procedure was identified. It was possible to verify the role of health educator that nurses have and the extreme importance of the guidance and care provided in the smooth running of the exam and in a quality recovery. Among the main cares, the verification of exams, orientations, fasting, medication suspension, assessment of pain and vital signs, bleeding control and cardiac monitoring are highlighted. Therefore, it is essential that the nursing team has knowledge on the topic to meet the needs of each patient and can develop a care plan to minimize risks and complications.