Podas de frutificação escalonadas e contínuas em goiabeiras no sudoeste do Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the fruit trees of interest in cultivation due to its economic return. However, there is little information on potential genotypes for insertion in the Southwest region of Mato Grosso do Sul. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the production and fruit quality of five guava cultivars submitted to staggered and continuous production pruning, under the bioclimatic conditions of Southwest Mato Grosso do Sul. The experiment was conducted during the year 2019/2020, performing two production pruning (PP1 and PP2) in five cultivars (Tailandesa, Cortibel SLG, Cortibel RM, Cortibel RG and Paluma). In each production pruning, eight fructification prunings were carried out, with an interval of 30 days, namely: in PP1 (prunings carried out in October/2019, November/2019, December/2019, January/2020, February/2020, March/2020, April/2020 and May/2020); and in PP2 (pruning in June/2020, July/2020, August/2020, September/2020, October/2020, November/2020, December/2020 and January/2021). In each pruning, productivity, number of marketable fruits, and productivity of non-marketable fruits were evaluated. At the end of PP2, the average length and diameter of the fruit, fruit shape, and the determination of total soluble solids were measured. It was observed that the highest yield values in PP1 were for the Thai and Cortibel RM cultivars, when pruning was carried out in October/2019 and January/2020. In PP2, the productivity of all cultivars was higher than in PP1, especially Cortibel RM and Thai. In PP2, pruning carried out in November and December/2020 and January/2021 resulted in higher yields and lower amounts of non-marketable fruits. The fruits of the five cultivars had little variation in terms of morphometric characterization, being classified as oblong and with quality for commercialization. Continuous staggered pruning, and Thai and Cortibel RM cultivars are promising for cultivation in Southwest MS.