Doença renal do diabetes e os inibidores do co-transportador de SGLT2: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors (ISGLT-2) are a drug class that has shown promise, since they act doubly, reducing plasma glycemia and decelerating the process of chronic kidney injury resulting from hyperglycemia. In addition to these advantages, it is a class of drugs that has been shown to be useful in the control of Chronic Heart Failure (HF), possibly due to its natriuretic function, but also due to other physiological mechanisms in the myocardium, which are still not fully understood. The aim of this study was to carry out a literature review, systematized narrative, seeking to identify the benefits presented by the class of ISGLT2, regarding prevention of diabetes kidney disease, treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and indications of drug use in cardiovascular disease. Seven articles have been analyzed and extracted from the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System online platform (Medline/PubMed), using the Health Sciences Descriptors: “SGLT2”; “diabetic nephropathy”, “chronic kidney disease”; “diabetes mellitus” and meeting inclusion criteria: free access articles, clinical studies in adult humans and that compared drug vs placebo in randomized, double-blind, multicenter, outcome groups, and included in the NIH Clinical Trials platform (www.clinicaltrials.gov). The guiding question asked whether the use of ISGLT2 in diabetic patients is an appropriate approach to prevent the onset of diabetic nephropathy. As a result of the analysis of the articles, it was possible to conclude that these drugs have the potential for nephroprotection in patients with any classification of risk severity, according to KDIGO: stages 1 to 5. Additionally, They have also been shown to be effective in preventing cardiovascular outcomes, being indicated for this purpose in patients with heart failure with or without diabetes mellitus.