Experiências de um enfermeiro residente no atendimento aos indígenas nas áreas de retomada Grande Dourados

Abstract

Introduction: The state of Mato Grosso do Sul concentrates the second largest indigenous population in the country, there are about 83,241 people of the Kaiowá, Guarani, Terena, Kadiwéu, Guató, Ofaié, Kinikinaw, Atikun ethnic groups and are distributed across 29 municipalities in the state, with greater concentration in the Grande Dourados region. In Mato Grosso do Sul, from the year 1915, eight indigenous reserves were created, spaces delimited by the State to confine the indigenous peoples, the space of these reserves does not exactly correspond to the traditional territories inhabited by the indigenous people, but a mere delimitation of the State without listening to the indigenous population. Over the years, a series of tensions have arisen within these reserves, ethnic conflicts, violence, hunger, and the feeling of non-belonging to that space by the indigenous people. It is from there that the first indigenous retakes in the region arise, mainly in the Greater Dourados region, indigenous people who leave the limits of the reserves in search of their Tekoha (traditional territory) and in the attempt of a better life away from the social problems that involve living in lockdown. Objectives: This work aims to report the author's experience in health care in areas of indigenous recovery in the Grande Dourados region in dialogue with the literature. Methodology: The study was carried out using the experience report method, bringing the author's experience in the Multiprofessional Residency in Health with Emphasis on Indigenous Health Care, dialoguing with the literature of Collective Health, Anthropology and Indigenous History. Results and discussion: This study was written from the author's experience during one of the rotations to the practice scenarios of the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Health with Emphasis on Indigenous Health Care at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (HU/UFGD) which took place during the month of November 2021, the rotation of which this text is about is called the Volante Team. Final considerations: Indigenous health in Brazil faces a series of difficulties in its effectiveness, lack of professionals, financial and material resources, management difficulties, political interference, a range of bottlenecks that prevent indigenous peoples from accessing quality health within the their territories. In the recovery areas of the greater Dourados region, these challenges take on gigantic proportions, leaving the State to review its role in the face of these problems and seek solutions together with indigenous families in the context of recovery, asserting the right to health for this population.