Efeito do espaçamento e da população de plantas no desenvolvimento da canola e em atributos físicos de um latossolo

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of row spacing and plant populations in the development of canola as well as changes in some soil physical properties. This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Sciences / UFGD in Dourados, MS, located in the geographic coordinates latitude 22012'S 540 56'W GRW, with an average altitude of 452 m. The experimental design was a randomized block in factorial 3 x 3, three row spacings (0.20, 0.40 and 0.60 m) and three plant populations (40, 80 and 120 plants per m2) with 4 replications, totaling 36 experimental units. The sowing of canola crops was conducted in 2010/2011 and 2011/2012, by using the hybrid Hyola 61. The agronomic traits analyzed were plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, shoot dry mass, root length, yield, thousand grain weight and oil content. The soil variables analyzed were soil bulk density, particle density and porosity. Factors spacing and plant populations influenced the plant height, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per pod and productivity. The root length and thousand grain weight were affected only by row spacing sowing and dry mass of shoots only by plant populations. The different spacing and plant populations did not affect the number of pods per plant and oil content in grain. Only plant population factor influenced the attributes density and soil porosity. The bulk density of the soil, regardless of depth, was lower when the plant population used was 120 canola plants per m2.