As Vivências e o deslocamento de refugiados venezuelanos LGBTI+ para o Brasil e o acolhimento no município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

LGBTIphobia impacts the LGBTI+ community around the globe in different levels. In some countries sexual and/or gender identity differing from cis-heteronormativity is criminalized. The latter might be one of the main reasons which lead people who partake in this group to dislocate to other States which receive them, but not exclusively in detriment to refuge being a condition which might occur due to diverse factors. This work has the objective to present the trajectory and discuss how was, and if it happened, the adaptation of four LGBTI+ Venezuelan refugees in the city of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Which is the fifth Brazilian city that presents, until May 2023, the highest number of Venezuelan migrants interiorized by Operation Shelter. The research was designed first from a systematic bibliographic review about the LGBTI+ refuge studies and on the presentation of refugees’ experiences reports resultants from semistructured interviews. This work aims to answer the following questions: how much of the sexual and/or gender identity was a decisive element to make these refugees displace from their country of origin? How did they arrive to Dourados? And why, even Brazil, and more specifically Mato Grosso do Sul, being a LGBTIphobic place, did these people settle here? As of the debate, alongside the contribution from supplementary researches encompassing the theme, the problematization of concepts surrounding LGBTI+ refuge, as sexile and disguising, and narratives brought by such participants in the research, this dissertation discusses how the arriving and receiving of these people happens, regarding their countryman and the responsible institutions in the matter. As well as the norms and existent policies in different administrative levels which are in charge of guaranteeing and protecting their rights. In that regard, it was possible to find that the adaptation of these refugees happens due to the support from the civil society of the refugee’s groups and the receiving of their family members who welcome and respect them and their identities. However, in Mato Grosso do Sul, nor in Brazil, does not exist politics which intersects the variants regarding refuge alongside sexual and/or gender identity, by still persisting a number of rights violations of these people and deprivations of access to public policies.