Políticas públicas e priorização na escolha de modais de transportes para escoamento da produção agrícola Sul-Mato-Grossense

Abstract

Agribusiness represents one-third of the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This important economic segment may be the responsible for the trade balance surplus as a result from the exploitation of several products like coffee, corn and soybean. Currently, the technologies applied to Brazilian plantations come from advanced researches that show the country reaching record productions with efficiency gain. Currently, the technologies applied to Brazilian plantations come from advanced researches that show the country reaching record productions with efficiency gain. However, agricultural production loses the competition on productivity when it comes to logistic infrastructure. The lack of storage units and the unbridled use of transportation modes bonded to the bad condition of the highways harm the production flow, besides increasing the “Custo Brazil” [Brazilian Cost – this is a jargon in economics referring to a set of factors that affect the competitiveness and efficiency of national industry]. The aim of this work is to point out and discuss the main public policies related to transportation modes in Mato Grosso do Sul state, as well as to propose a system of decision-making to establish the preference of grains transportation systems considering: reliability, capacity, availability, velocity and frequence. This research was conducted using the scientific and governmental basis to identify the main public policies. At the same time, opinions from experts in logistics to better understand the utilization of transportation modes of grains. The results showed that Mato Grosso do Sul state tends to receive financial investments from the governmental programs - Growth Acceleration Programs (PAC), Logistics Investment Program (PIL) and National Plan for Logistics and Transportation (PNLT), even if such programs are old and with no technical and economicfinancial feasibility. This work conclude that highway transportation, even presenting the higher taxes, are still considered the best options when compared with railway and waterway systems.