O Programa Territórios da Cidadania na Região Cone Sul (MS): diretrizes, instrumentos e repercussões espaciais

Abstract

The main goal of this work was to analyze the actions implemented in the southern territory via Territories of Citizenship Program (PTC) in order to verify if the land policy, in which a board is responsible for discussing local demands, takes effect the promised effects of spreading one sustainable territorial development. The configuration space in Deep South of Mato Grosso do Sul has evident features by the history of occupations that were motivated by the Brazilian territorial demarcation and exploitation of yerba mate and wood, besides the realization of landlordism and extensive breeding of cattle. However, among these capitalist farms there are families that somehow migrated from the states of São Paulo and Paraná and also Paraguay, supporting with their work, such explorations, but were excluded from the productive system when not corresponding to the expected. We also have, indigenous communities which have an interconnection with their place of origin, living in their territory in the south of Mato Grosso do Sul as typical to their lives. These groups were forgotten by government policies, since the focus of sectoral policies in the region could not handle on assisting them in the source of their problems. By this mean, in the first decade of this century, more precisely, from 2003, during Lula´s government, there was a targeting of development policies for the local territory, opening the possibility for excluded groups to present their demands and claim them to the government by using boards. To weave the analysis proposed in this work, we did a field survey in which we interviewed members of the Territorial Development Planning Board of the Cone Sul, in all municipalities that make up the territory of research. This analysis is justified by territorial focus that government policy has gained in recent years, developing targeted programs for territorial development. One of the actions implemented to enforce such direction is the Territories of Citizenship Program, which was created in 2008. This program aims to promote regional development and sustainable spaces grouped by similar characteristics of HDI (Human Development Index), presence of family farmers, indigenous and quilombolas. For decades the government policies fulfill an agenda of sectoral planning of regional focus, in the past decade, the planning became territorial and participatory basis, involving the people of the place. For our analysis, we identify sources of local developments around the Territory of Cone Sul, which promoted significant advances into the territory. However, there is no effective induction territorial sustainable development as envisaged in the program.