Estudo da fisiologia de diferentes leveduras industriais e isoladas na Região Centro-Oeste

Abstract

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the yeast species commonly used industrially as fermentation agent, distinguished by performing a rapid conversion of sugar into ethanol and CO2. Some yeasts used in industrial processes, although belonging to the same species, differ both in terms of genetics and in their physiology. Despite the growing knowledge about the yeasts associated with ethanol production, there is a lack of information regarding their metabolism and physiology. With this, the objectives of this study were to characterize morphological, molecular and physiological different industrial yeast strains, isolated in the Brazilian Midwest Region, aiming at the production of ethanol and to study the physiology of yeast in terms of substrate consumption, training extracellular metabolites and cell growth and investigate the metabolism of industrial yeast S. cerevisiae CAT-1 through the use of AFM using 13C-1 labeled glucose. In molecular analyzes we found that 41.3% of isolates had 400 base pairs. Among the isolates, 22% had ability to ferment glucose within 24 h, as the carbon source for growth faster compared to other substrates. Then, kinetic parameters were determined and metabolic production during the cultivations using the mineral medium with glucose as the sole carbon source at 30 ° C. Among the yeasts evaluated can be seen that the strain BB2 showed faster growth (μmax = 0.563 ± 0.001 1 / h). Finally, 100% of crops with [1- 13C] glucose were conducted to elucidate the metabolic fluxes in S. cerevisiae CAT- 1, where there was a vent-fermentative metabolism.