Interação físico-química de um latossolo vermelho distroférrico com adubos verdes

Abstract

World agriculture comes passing by several technical and scientific transformations with respect to production systems soil and water conservation, preserving the arable areas and restoring degraded areas that once were considered unsuitable for cultivation. With the advancement of the degradativo process which is already reality in much of Brazilian soils, conservation models aimed at the incorporation of organic matter in the soil as well as your protection, coming up the use of green manures or ground cover plants. The present study evaluated the interrelation in the physics and chemistry of a Red Latosol, Distroférrico grown with four species of green manures. The experiment was conducted in FAECA – Fazenda Experimental de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados-UFGD, in Dourados, MS. Experimental design was of randomized blocks (DBC) with 3 blocks containing five treatments: Crotalaria breviflora, Crotalaria espectabilis, Cajanus cajan, Mucuna aterrima and portion control. The experimental units were 5.0 x 2.0 m plots with 10 rows spaced at 0.5 m parcel was evaluated the structural quality of the soil through the descriptive method of evaluation of soil structure (VESS) where the data collected in the field were unreliable with the data found via lab, showing that Visual scores (EV) below 2.5 indicated improvement in physical and chemical attributes by green manures, indicating good porosity, good structure, presence of galleries, bodies of soil fauna and bioporos that contributed to that there were no restrictions on the root growth of plants, the portion control that did not receive any kind of green manure obtained EV of 3.3 indicating a structural soil degradation, due to the history of the present area fallow and intense and harrowing plowing operations. All treatments were divided into two layers (0-0.17 0.17 m and -0.30 m) according to the identification through trenches in the field. Guandu-midget was the treatment that showed lower EV result of aggressive plant in question for the exploration of the soil, the two species of Crotalarias were significant in the surface layer (0-0.17 m) in relation to chemical soil attributes. The present work should be repeated for more years, due to the effects of the green manures can be expressed over time in a longest system.