Estudo do desempenho térmico nas paredes de habitações de interesse social de Dourados (MS)

Abstract

The current environmental problems that the humanity facing was made it essential to seek ways to reduce the use of natural resources and the impacts caused by human activities. One possibility to be considered is the reduction of energy consumption by improving the thermal performance of buildings, which would considerably reduce energy use with air conditioners. Thus, the objective of this work is to define which characteristics of a habitation that have a significant influence on the improvement of thermal comfort for occupants. For this, the intensity of heat transfer from the external environment to the interior that crosses the masonry wall of houses financed by the housing program Minha Casa, Minha Vida in the city of Dourados (MS) was calculated. In the accomplishment of the study were measured the internal and external temperatures of the houses e the dimensions of the masonry wall and were collected information about the materials used in construction. Through the conduction, convection and radiation equations of heat transfer and other thermal performance indicators, the situations of the houses were analyzed and the values obtained were compared with those defined by the literature as the ideal parameters for the region. As a result, it has been proven that it is the wall thickness that significantly influences the amount of heat transferred from the external environment to the interior of a building, since it is directly related to the thermal resistance and that only heat transmission by conduction is relevant in the study of thermal performance. In this way, the change of this characteristic reduces the heat flow and this consequently decreases the internal temperature and improves thermal comfort for the residents.