Efeitos da aeração e da estação do ano na compostagem dos resíduos de abatedouro

Abstract

Windrow aeration is recommended depending on the origin and characteristics of the organic material, considering the investment costs and biological risks of handling, in order to promote the reduction of polluting constituents and achieve a quality organic fertilizer. By conducting this research, you can evaluate the influence of aeration and seasons on composition conducted in static regions using reduced ruminant residue in association with rice husks. It was used for custom casual design, in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (with and without aeration x winter and summer seasons), with a split plot without time (75 and 90 days of composition) with two repetitions (leiras). The piles they were formed in layers, interspersing organic waste and bulky material, in the ratio of 3.5: 1, respectively, and using composition cells with individual capacity for 200 kg of natural matter. For aeration of the pylons, PVC pipes were inserted between the waste layers and these pipes were drilled along the length to conduct aeration throughout the ply profile, allowing the average flow of 0.6 L.min-1. During the development of composting, revolvers were made for 50 and 75 days of composting, completing the process for 90 days. The average temperatures reached by the windrows, as well as the maximum reductions, volumes and gases were not influenced (p> 0.05) by the stations or presence of aeration, resulting in the averages of 68.8, 68.3 and 71, 5% respectively. The reduction of N were influenced (p <0.05) by season and aeration, being larger during summer with presence of aeration (84.6%). The amounts of humic compounds (HA) formed in the composition process were higher (p <0.05) in summer with an average of 354.6 mg.g-1 of composition compared to winter 233.8 mg.g-1 of compound, however, in winter , with a greater absence of aeration (p <0.05), associated with HA with 265.9 mg.g-1 of compound. A composition presented under development as the seasons and in the quality of the compost, but the use of aeration is not allowed, as it is a coming compound of the non-aerated windrows, which are considered better reductions of the tested components, smaller than one and the best ratio HA: FA.