Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de híbridos pré-comerciais de milho

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most economically important vegetal species in Brazil and in the world, being one of the most studied in genetics field. In this context, the characteristic grain yield is the one that exerts most influence on hybrids and cultivars recommendation. However, in practice, a large productive variation of the cultivars is observed both between sites and at times, probably due to the different edaphoclimatic conditions of each producing region. So, the aim of this research was to estimate adaptability and stability of pre-commercial maize hybrids in four places: Campo Mourão – PR, Paranagi – PR, Dourados – MS e Maracaju – MS, aiming to identify the most stable and promising hybrids for grain production in the Center-South region of Brazil. Were available the grain yield data of 31 pre-commercial and 3 commercial corn hybrids as testimonials, by the methodologies by Annicchiarico, Lin and Binns and AMMI. There were significant difference (P<0,01) for the purposes of hybrids, environment and genotype x environment interaction. The mean grain yield varied from 5472,93 kg ha-1 to 6692,54 kg ha-1 and the total average was 5894,64 kg ha-1 . There are pre-commercial hybrids with performance equal to or higher than the commercial hybrids tested at the four places. The hybrid HS 0262 was recommended for the four places by the three mothodologies. In Annicchiarico e Lin e Binns analysis the hibryds HS 0997 e HS 0832 were the most stable and of greater general and specific adaptability to unfavorable environments. According to AMMI analysis, the most stable, adapted and productive hybrids were HS0805, HS 0774 e HS 0727. These genotypes therefore may be recommended for cultivation at the studied places.