O Cinema nacional nos livros didáticos de geografia: características, potencialidades e limitações – análise a partir do PNLD/2018

Abstract

In this project, we present some reflections on the relations between the cinematographic language and the teaching of Geography from the textbook. The motivator of this research was law 13.006/2014 that had on the mandatory display of films of national production for, at least, two hours a month in schools. This law was inserted in the evaluation form of the National Textbook Program (PNLD/2018) as one of the mandatory requirements that books should contemplate. Of the fourteen collections approved in PNLD/2018, we had access to seven complete collections and four single volumes. A portion of books was found on the internet in digital format and made available on websites by the publishers themselves. The other part was found from the contact with the schools that are part of the state school system in the city of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). After analyzing the collections, it was possible to identify a pattern as to how cinema appears in books, mostly in boxes, which are at the ends of the books in the upper or lower corner, presenting information from the movies such as title, director, genre, synopsis, release year. The pattern in which films appear in books also indicates an understanding of cinema as a complement to content, as they are always linked to the idea contained in the text on the page regarding the theme of the chapter and the unity of the book. It was also possible to identify that the genres of films most suggested in the collections are documentary and drama. Analyzing the films most indicated by textbooks and also used in the classroom by Geography teachers of the city of Dourados (MS), we can infer that there would be a type of "right" movie to be in the classroom: the documentary film that presents reality with verifies and the drama film that addresses issues that approach themes of Geography. Based on the analyses in the collections of textbooks, thinking about other possibilities of looking at Brazilian cinema in the teaching of Geography the work proposes at the end a possibility of an experience of cinema in the classroom thinking the film from its aesthetic condition for this is presenting a set of ten collages made with frames/scenes of the films that most appear as suggestions in the textbooks.