Avaliação do efeito antinociceptivo e anti-inflamatório do óleo essencial obtido das folhas de Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) Radlk. e do seu constituinte majoritário o viridiflorol

Abstract

Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. & Cambess.) Radlk. (A. edulis) is a native species from South America, such as Brazil, Bolivia, Argentina, and Uruguay. The leaves of A. edulis are used in folk medicine with tereré served cold, as a prophylactic treatment of intestinal diseases, hepatitis, and hypertension. Viridiflorol was were identified and isolated from the essential oil of A. edulis leaves (OEAE). The analgesic properties of OEAE and viridiflorol were not totally explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of OEAE and isolated viridiflorol in models of nociception and mechanical hiperagesy in mice. The oral administration (p.o.) of OEAE (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg), viridiflorol (100 mg/kg), and morphine (1 mg/kg) and the local administration (i.pl.) of OEAE (100μg/paw), viridiflorol (100 μg/paw) were tested against the formalin model in Swiss mice. The OEAE (100 mg/kg, p.o.), viridiflorol (100 mg/kg, p.o.) and the subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) were tested in the zymosan-articular inflammation. The viridiflorol (0.3, 20 e 200μg/paw, i.pl.) were tested in the carrageenan induced-mechanical hyperalgesia. The viridiflorol (200 μg/paw, i.pl.) was tested in the TNF, and Dopamine induced-mechanical hyperalgesia. OEAE (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) and morphine significantly inhibited the edema and the first and second phase of formalin induced-nociception however viridiflorol did not present inhibitions. The local administration of OEAE and viridiflorol significantly inhibited the edema and the first and second phase of formalin induced-nociception. OEAE, viridiflorol and dexamethasone significantly reduced mechanical hyperalgesia, edema, total leukocyte, polymorphonuclear, nitric oxide and protein exudation in zymosan-induced articular inflammation. The local administration of viridiflorol (200 μg/paw, i.pl.) significantly inhibited carrageenan, TNF, and DOPA induced-mechanical hyperalgesia. This study confirms the analgesic and/or anti-hyperalgesic activity of OEAE and viridiflorol. The viridiflorol could be responsible for the anti-hyperalgesic properties and the mechanism of action could inhibit the TNF and DOPA pathway.