Fungos filamentosos isolados da biodiversidade do centro-oeste brasileiro com interesse para a produção de enzimas amilolíticas

Abstract

Amylases are enzymes that hydrolyze starch signals generating smaller sugars and are divided into endoamylases, exoamylases and debranching amylases. These enzymes have several industrial applications, including the production of syrups, detergents, alcohol, animal feed and the textile industry. Solid State Cultivation (CES) is a low-cost technique for cultivating microorganisms using agro-industrial residues for the production of industrial enzymes. The aim of this study was to compare the production and catalytic properties of amylases produced by different fungal species cultivated in ESC, obtained in different environments in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul - MS. The agroindustrial substrate with the highest amylolytic production for all fungi tested was wheat bran, due to its characteristics that favor microbial growth. Optimum initial moisture content of the culture medium varied between 55−65% among species. The fungus R. microsporus showed the best cultivation time of 24h, C. echinulata 72h and G. butleri, L. ramosa and T. aurantiacus 96h. The optimum pH was found between 4.5−6.0 and an optimum temperature between 55−65 ºC. The results showed that fungal species from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul have potential for amylase production in low-cost media with desirable characteristics.