Análise Temporal de Uso e ocupação da Terra Através de Parâmetros Ambientais do Município de Maracaju, Mato Grosso do Sul.

Abstract

Studying changes in land use and occupation are important to understand the processes of landscape variations. Landscape structural patterns can be analyzed as indicative of biodiversity, for example the MAPBIOMAS Project. This work aims to analyze the differences in land use and occupation in the municipality of Maracaju, Mato Grosso do Sul, through landscape metrics based on images processed by the MapBiomas project over a period of 36 years. Data from the 7.0 collection of this project in the years 1985, 2005, 2012 and 2021 were used. The analyzed ecological parameters were extracted from the images by the plugin (LecoS) Landscape Ecology Statistics version 3.0.1 of QGIS (version 3.28) which analyzes spatial patterns to quantify the structure of the landscape. In the interval of 36 years in the municipality of Maracaju, forest formations lost 4% in area and 11% in number of fragments, being replaced by areas of agriculture and livestock. The savanna formation reduced the number of fragments by 24% and the area by 17%. In grassland formations, the number of fragments reduced by 19% and 18% of land use and cover area. Areas in the pasture class showed a 76% and 2% drop in patch numbers. Sugarcane areas increased by more than 1,388% in the analyzed time interval. Soybean production increased in the occupied area by 5,680%. Economic activities varied over time, but the native areas were decreasing in the analyzed time interval.