As políticas públicas para imigrantes/refugiados venezuelanos em Nova Andradina - Mato Grosso do Sul entre os anos de 2021 a 2024

Abstract

Brazil has, in recent decades, become an important destination country for migratory flows, especially since 2015, due to Venezuela’s unprecedented humanitarian crisis, which led thousands of Venezuelans to migrate to Brazilian territory. This reality prompted Brazil to implement strategies to regulate and manage these waves of international human mobility through joint actions involving various governmental interagency actors and civil society. Based on this context, this research focused on analyzing the public policies adopted and implemented for the reception and protection of Venezuelan immigrants in Nova Andradina, Mato Grosso do Sul. This qualitative, exploratory research employed an inductive-deductive methodology. For this purpose, institutional documents and data—such as the municipal reception plan implemented in the aforementioned city—were analyzed. The dissertation is organized into three chapters: the first, titled “The Evolution of the Humanitarian Crisis in Venezuela: Origins and Developments from 1999 to 2022,” addresses the political and social dimensions of the Venezuelan crisis. The second chapter discusses Operation Welcome (Operação Acolhida) and the process of relocating Venezuelan refugees/migrants. This chapter is divided into six subtopics detailing Operation Welcome, the legislative developments concerning migration and asylum at the international, national, and regional levels, as well as the impacts of these laws on Operation Welcome. It concludes with a specific subtopic on the internal relocation of Venezuelans. Finally, the third chapter specifically addresses the reception of Venezuelans in the city of Nova Andradina-MS. It outlines the profile of these individuals and the municipal reception policies in which they participate, as well as their integration into society. The results include data available on official platforms and those provided by the municipality. Although it is not possible to obtain a fully accurate picture of the immigrants' profiles and needs in the municipality—and acknowledging potential inconsistencies in the system—immigrants/refugees perceive public policies positively.