Políticas para a gestão da educação básica no sistema estadual de ensino do Maranhão no entretempo 2015-2022

Abstract

This thesis, intertwined with the Research Line on Education Policies and Management and the Study Group "State, Politics, and Educational Management" (GEPGE) of the Graduate Program at the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), is also linked to the multilateral network research project "Basic Education in the Southern Common Market (Mercosur)" and the Cooperation Project between institutions for the Qualification of Higher Education Professionals (PCI). It presents as a problem the question of what actions the State Education System of Maranhão has taken towards educational management policy during the period from 2015 to 2022. Therefore, its general objective is to analyze the policy for managing basic education in the State Education System of Maranhão during the period from 2015 to 2022. The specific objectives include understanding the concept of democratic management and managerial management in educational literature; presenting the normative framework for basic education management in Brazil; analyzing the actions of the State Education System of Maranhão related to educational management policy during the period of 2015 to 2022 and what this expresses in terms of its relationship with the aforementioned national normative framework. Considering the nature of the research problem and the outlined objectives, the research adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing bibliographic and documentary research, while also drawing on the theoretical contributions of Antonio Gramsci. The thesis presented in this study is that Flávio Dino's immersion in the context of the struggle of popular classes in Maranhão, while representing an advance in relation to the oligarchy, did not translate into the political power of the working class. In his government, democratic management was particularly evident in initiatives that prioritized participation. However, the neoliberal influence on educational management was noticeable in the adoption of managerial management characteristics, inspired by the private sector, with a focus on performance evaluation and the pursuit of educational results. This revealed a hybrid approach and an attempt to reconcile popular demands with market logic, through the creation of results-oriented democratic management, of a managerial nature, present in the Dignified School Educational Policy. Thus, educational management in Maranhão can also be seen as a manifestation of the Brazilian socio-political totality, where pressures for efficiency and neoliberal policies intermingle with the persistent struggle for recognition of education as a fundamental right.