Seletividade de inseticidas (microbiológico e alternativo) à adultos de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Abstract

The intensification of insecticide use in maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation has increased the need to assess their compatibility with natural enemies used in integrated pest management (IPM). Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) is one of the main predators associated with maize in Brazil; however, most studies on selectivity focus on immature stages, and there is limited information available on the effects of phytosanitary products on adults. Based on a structured theoretical framework regarding the biology, development, and behavior of the species, this study aimed to experimentally evaluate the lethal and sublethal effects of different products used in maize pest management on adults of C. externa. Bioassays were conducted under controlled conditions using the ASPECLE system, with four treatments: acephate, Isaria fumosorosea, aqueous extract of Simarouba sp., and distilled water as control. Mortality was corrected using Abbott’s formula, and the products were classified according to IOBC/WPRS criteria, in addition to evaluating sublethal effects on survival and oviposition. Acephate caused total mortality and was classified as harmful (Class 4). Isaria fumosorosea exhibited a slightly harmful effect (Class 2), whereas the Simarouba sp. extract was considered harmless (Class 1), with survival and oviposition rates similar to those of the control. The results indicate that Chrysoperla externa is highly compatible with biological agents and plant extracts, reinforcing its potential as a biological control agent in maize and highlighting the importance of prioritizing selective inputs in IPM programs.