Desempenho e comportamento de frangos de corte expostos à iluminação com diodo emissor de luz (LED)

Abstract

Domestic birds are animals sensitive to photoperiod, and this may influence their growth and behavior. The use of light emitting diode lamps (LED) has excelled in poultry for energy saving and sustainability in the livestock process. The research was divided into two experiments (E1 and E2) aiming to evaluate the performance and carcass yield of broilers exposed to different colors of LED compared to fluorescent lamps. It were used 2646 Cobb broiler chickens breeder. In E1, male birds were exposed to artificial lighting (20 lx) with LED red, yellow, blue, white and fluorescent lamp. In E2, males and females birds were exposed to artificial illumination (15 lx) with red and blue LED and fluorescent lamp. Assessed the cumulative weight gain (kg), feed intake (kg), feed conversion, hot carcass weight (kg), carcass yield (%), chest and thigh-drumstick (%). There was no statistical difference (P>0.05) between the treatments for performance and carcass yield and parts in E1. In E2, only difference between the sexes (P ≤ 0.05), with males showing better performance. In addition, the second experiment (E2) aimed to evaluate the broiler behavior exposed to different LED colors on artificial lighting. The birds were exposed to artificial lighting with LED in the colors red and blue, comparing with the compact fluorescent lamp. The behaviors were observed and recorded at 28, 35 and 42 days of age. There was interaction (P<0.05) between the age of birds, sex and light source when the birds were eating, drinking behavior, exploring feathers and prancing around. The use of LED in different colors presented the same effect of fluorescent lamps on the performance and carcass yield of broilers. Birds exposed to lighting with red LED and fluorescent lamp proved most active in relation to birds exposed to blue LED.