Estimativa da emissão de amônia na produção de frangos de corte

Abstract

The aim was to estimate the emission of ammonia from bed of poultry farms in two systems of negative pressure (Tunnel System and Dark House), with the aid of software developed from the following equation: E = exp(-6, 5023 + 0.1218 + 0.3020 days TC + 0.6142 pH - 0.0043 day2) at different ages (7, 21, 35 and 42 days). The experiment was carried out on eight commercial poultry farms in the region of Itaquiraí - MS, during the months from March to April. The following variables were recorded: age of the birds (day), pH and bed temperature (° C). The birds were housed in mixed lots, with an average density of 14 birds/m², in third reuse shavings bed. The environmental variables (temperature and relative humidity) of the poultry farms were collected at all stages in the environment controlling system panel, during the morning. The design was a completely randomized design with a 2x4 factorial design (types of poultry farms: Tunnel System x and Dark House and ages 7, 21, 35 and 42 days old) with four replicates per treatment. In the analysis of estimated ammonia emission, it was used a 2x2 factorial design, considering types of poultry farms (Tunnel System and Dark House) and the number of lots (two lots) with two replications. It was observed on Tunnel System the lowest mean temperature and pH of the bed, presenting differences at 42 days compared to Dark House system. At the age factor to TC and pH, it was observed higher averages at 42 days old. The mean temperature inside the poultry farm (TA) showed no significant difference in the two types of poultry farms. The mean relative humidity (RH) did not differ between poultry farms, but there was interaction between factors: type of avian x age of the birds, being statistically different at 35 and 42 days old. Factor for the type of poultry farm, at 21 days old was observed a higher average emission for Dark House system. 35 days old, there was an interaction between the factors type of poultry house x number of lots, where the higher average observed was Lot 2 on the Dark House (4215.43 mg/m²/h) and Lot 1 showed (2606.94 mg/m²/h). In the last phase, at 42 days old, considering the type of poultry farm, it was observed a higher average estimate of ammonia emissions to the Dark House with 5139.81 mg/m²/h. The estimated ammonia emission was higher, at 42 days old, with higher mean estimate of ammonia emissions to the Dark House, with no difference between the numbers of lots.