O Movimento indígena de Mato Grosso do Sul: uma contribuição sociopolítica

Abstract

Koa ko tembiapo oikuaa uka pe ñemongu‘e mbarete rehegua pe tetãme oĩva te‘ýi ava kuéra ko Mato Grosso do Sul pe, ha‘e teéva Guarani, Kaiowá, Tereno ha Kinikinau kuéra. Koa ko tesa reko ojapo tembiapo oikuaa ukávo ha omohesakã pe ñorãirõ mbarete ñande kuéra ko Mato Grosso do Sul pe, kóva arandu ogueru pe ñemongeta Sociologia dos Movimentos Sociais gui. Umi ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘éva ojeipykúi ichugui jejaporã umi arandu rapo pe ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘éva oñemoĩ porã va‘ekue, upéa rehe peteĩ arandu jepovyvy iñeypyrũ ikatu peveha umi arandu rapo pe ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘e teéva ojehaíva pe Movimento Indígenas tekotevẽ ojehai hína pe primeiro capítulo pe. Pe mokói hína koa ko tembiapo ojejapo peteĩ jehecha pyre umi kuatia omoñe‘e va‘ekue pe sociopolíticos pe ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘e teéva ko América Latina pe, ikatu haguãicha hesakã ko ojehu va‘ekue tuicháva upépe hína hokýva pe ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘e teéva ko Mato Grosso do sul pe ha avei oikuaa uka ha ombyaty tembiporu arandu rapo rehegua oñembohokýva ha omoĩ ojejapo haguã pe ojehesa rekóva ikatu haguã oikuave‘ẽ pe ñane mba‘e ñemongu‘e. Avei pe mokoĩha ko tembiapo omoĩ ukase hína pe heta ñemoĩ porã ojejapo haguã pe oñemohesa rekóva oñemongeta va‘ekue pe kuatia omoñe‘ẽ va‘ekue ojejapo va‘erã mba‘éichapa oñembotavy‘óta ha hesakã haguã pe ñane ñemongu‘e ñane mba‘e teéva ha omoĩta uperupive oikuaa haguã pe ñane ñemongu‘e ko Mato Grosso do sul péva hina mbohapyha. Ojejapo haguã pe jaikuaa haguã ko mbohapy hápe omoĩ hína pe ñane ñemongu‘e apytere Ko Mato Grosso do sul pe tembiapo ñane hente kuéra aty‘i, aty guasu upegui hína hokýva opa mba‘e tekorã pe atýgui moópa ojepykúi ha ojejapo oñomdivepa .Opa mba‘e jejaporã ñemongu‘e ha jeho jevy tekoharãpe, umia hína ñorãirõ tee. Umía tembiaporã ojejapo oñondivepa jahechata rampo ojoko haguã tape, oike haguã pe oga hérava assembleia legislativa, ikatu haguã ojopy karai kuérape oiporu haguã pe imba‘e tee, umi kuatia ñe‘ẽ ojejapo va‘ekue upépe ha omosarambi va‘ekue arandu, ikatu haguã oikuaa uka haguã maymávape ñane remikotevẽ ha jachuka ave mbarete ojehúva rovaguýpe ha ñorairõ, ojejapo ave kuã jopy joja ha mayma ñane pytyvõva rehe nacional javekue ha internacional, ikatu haguã imbarete pe ñane ñemongu‘e, ohupytyve haguã opa rupi ñane mbarete ha ojejapo haguã tembiaporã tuicháva oity haguã opa mba‘e ivaíva oúva ñande rehe ija‘e‘ỹva heta kuã jopy omohesakã ukáta ha avei ñande opa rupi ñaime ha ko Mato Grosso do sul ituicha javevekue pe Acampamento Terra Livre, pe nacional javekue hína ha pe Encontro Continental Guarani, upéva hína internacional ha continental javekue. Umi mba‘e ombotuicháva ha omombaretéva ñande ñemongu‘e avei imbatere haguã kuã ha po jopy reheve ambue ñemongu‘e rupive ko Brasil ha América Latina Javekue.

Enepora yutoeti ipuhíkoti yâye, hara kayúmako koêku kixóvoku itukeovo viyénoxapa yara Mato Grosso do Sul, koati Guarani, Kaiowá, Terena yoko Kinikínau koyúho. Koane rá úsoti yutoeti koati kayumákoti koêku vékoku yoko káxunanevo viyénoxapa yâye Mato Grosso do Sul. Ukeatinekene híyeu ho‘uxóvoti râ‘a. Enepora kixoku itukeovo rá viyéno kúxotine koane ho‘únevo, koane akó tôpi vékoku tiu‘íti koekúti , énone kónokino ápeyea yutoeti motovâti koyúhoyea koêku ra ho‘únevohiko viyéno, énone koyúmo xoko inúxoti iháxakoku. Yokó ra pí‘ape hará auheo apêtine yutoeti koêku rá ho‘únevohiko viyéno ya América Latina, motovâti exeokono vékoku rá ho‘únevohiko viyéno ya Mato Grosso do Sul. Ítukeovo koâti kaná‘uti yuhóhiko ne aháti yutóxea koêku viyénoxapa. Yoko rá pí‘ape aneye visóneu moyovâti vitúkea hánaiti ho1únevoti, ho‘úxo kixoati ûti ne aháti yutóxea motovâti kóyuseopea ûti ne apêtine xoko koyuhópetihiko enone ngahá‘a kó‘iyea yoko enone ngoyúhomo koeku ya Mato Grosso do Sul. Yoko mopó‘ape koati koyumákoti hará koyóho usótine yutoeti, motovâti usó‘iyea rá mopó‘ape iháxakoku koati kixóvokuhiko viyéno koyúho, itukeovo itúketi ho‘úxo koêti, ya ho‘únevotike ihónea ra isonêuti heu koêti koekúti vítuke ainovo ihónoti ukeati xapákuke xâne. Kuteâti veopo UTI poké‘exa ûti, vexêxo xêne , pího úti ya ho‘úxovokuti Legislativa, motovâti apeyea xunáko rá vítuke koane vitukópo yutoeti ya hánaiti ho‘únevoti , uhá koeti ainóvo ukeati híyeu xâne. Komomopaka ûti rá tumune, nóxoa UTI ne há‘i ne ituketi yoko itóponea unátihiko koekúti rá viyenoxapa yará Estado Mato Grosso do Sul, koane rá hánaiti ho‘únevoti.ako tôpi itóponoku kuteati Acampamento Terra Livre, Encontro Continental Guarani yókomáka yá meukeke. Enepora ítuke rá hánaiti ho‘únevoti kaxúnako yeu poké‘exa ûti Brasil koane América Latina.

This dissertation consists about the characterization of the social movement of the indigenous people of Mato Grosso do Sul, especially the Guarani, the Kaiowá, the Terena and the Kinikinau. The research is an interpretations exercise of the fight and resistance of the indigenous movement in Mato Grosso do Sul from the perspective of the Sociology of Social Movements. The indigenous movement constitutes a heuristics challenge to the social movements theories, for this reason an initial reflexion about the limitation of social movements theories in the analysis of the indigenous movements is necessary and realized in the first chapter. The second part of the work consists in one literature review of the sociopolitical phenomena of the indigenous movements in Latin America, in order to comprehend the historic scene where develops the indigenous movement in Mato Grosso do Sul, and to recognize and unite the theoretical categories developed and put in practice by the researchers in the indigenous movement characterization. Yet in this second section I suggest a group of categories as a methodology of study and interpretation of indigenous movements that will be put in the analysis of the indigenous movements in Mato Grosso do Sul on the third part of this dissertation. That analysis concluded by the centrality in the indigenous movement in Mato Grosso do Sul of the community nuclear actions, the assembly, from where emanates the identity and the strength of the group and where are deliberate all the political strategies, and the land‘s recoveries, the principal fight strategy. Such actions are followed by others typical collective actions as blocking the highways and occupation of State‘s legislative assembly as a form of political pressure for effectuation of ethnic rights; the divulgation of the final documents of the assemblies, as a way of public expression their demands; and the creation of alliance networks with national and international civil society entities, as a form of strengthen the movement by the possibility, with the alliances, of elaboration of collective actions of bigger magnitudes, in order to confront the block sustained by theirs adversaries. Yet in the section of the alliances will be analysed the participation of the indigenous movement of Mato Grosso do Sul in bigger assemblies, like the Acampamento Terra Livre, of national amplitude, and the Encontro Continental Guarani, of international-continental dimension, assemblies whose – as community nuclear actions – contribute to the regional fortification of the indigenous movement in Mato Grosso do Sul.