As Políticas públicas de reforma agrária: desdobramentos no assentamento Itamarati em Ponta Porã/MS

Abstract

The current Brazilian context encouraged us to carry out this research by proposing the debate on the importance of agrarian reform and peasant reproduction as an alternative to the dominant and dominant model, considering in this analysis the counterposition to the paradigm that presupposes the end of the peasantry and the peasants' agribusiness. From this perspective our pretension with the research is to contribute with the understanding of how the State has acted to promote agrarian reform through public policies, allocating lines of credit that encourage production in the field. We have as a point of analysis the Itamarati I rural settlement, located in the municipality of Ponta Porã, on the border between Brazil and Paraguay. Thus, analyzing agrarian reform, the role of the State and public policies has a social relevance of interest both to peasants and supporters of cause and class. The challenge of researching agrarian reform is related to rethinking the format assumed by the State, mainly through public policies that guide a path that does not meet the needs and ideals of peasant struggle. In order to reach our objectives, we used as methodological procedures initially a review and bibliographical deepening, aiming to construct a theoretical framework of discussion on the subject and, later, in a second stage we conducted the field research, through the visit to the settlement at various times, between the months from November to February. During these visits, we interviewed the settlers of Itamarati I as well as a technician in Rural Development of the Agency of Agrarian Development and Rural Extension - AGRAER, located within the settlement. Through the interviews we could see that the reports presented by the peasants were in agreement with the revised content, mainly in what relates the perception on peasants and peasants, agrarian reform and public policies to encourage production. In this way, we conclude that peasants are aware of their subjection to the external market through the production of commodities, as well as remain distant from the state and dependent on the public policies that subordinate the peasantry. As we propose in the text, we believe that the policy of agrarian reform will occur through the organization of peasants in social movements or political parties, making a break with the capitalist state in order to enable peasant agrarian reform.