Preparação e caracterização de carvão ativado a partir de material alternativo lignocelulósico

Abstract

In the present study it was used buriti stalk (petiole) as an alternative material for obtaining activated carbon, since the buriti is largely found in the cerrado region which comprises a broad environmental ecosystem in Brazil. In order to obtain samples of activated carbons from buriti petiole, salt of ferric chloride was used as activating agent in the following proportions: petiole/activating agent (1:1 - 1:5 (m/m)), that is, keeping fix the mass of the petiole and varying the mass of the activating agent. In this production process of activated carbon using the petiole, it can be further emphasized the use of activating agent with relative low commercial cost and activation performed at low temperature with isotherm of 400 º C for three hours under nitrogen flow. The material obtained was characterized by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) to obtain information related to the ash content and thermal behavior of the material, BET method for the analysis of the surface area, pore size and distribution, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to analyze the morphological property of the material before and after activation, spectroscopy in the infrared region (FT-IR) as an attempt to identify the possible surface groups and molecular absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis) to study the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbons using a industrial textile dye.