Impactos da complexidade ambiental e alimentação nos estados afetivos de caracídeos pantaneiros

Abstract

The ornamental fish market has been experiencing consistent global growth, primarily driven by the unique phenotypic traits of these animals, which attract a wide range of consumers, from amateur collectors to industry professionals. Achieving prominence and relevance in this market directly depends on the conditions in which fish are kept, making it essential for suppliers to provide suitable environments that are rich in stimuli and free from idleness, thereby promoting both the physical and behavioral welfare of the animals. In response to the growing concern for the quality of life of fish raised in aquaculture systems, this study emphasizes the importance of environmental enrichment as a strategic tool to enhance animal welfare. The systematic review conducted followed pre-established criteria and clear methodological steps, demonstrating that environmental enrichment constitutes a key variable across different types of rearing and management systems. The second chapter addresses the physiological and behavioral plasticity of Moenkhausia bonita specimens from areas subject to constant environmental fluctuations, with samples collected in the Pantanal region during two distinct seasons. The results indicated significant changes in the animals’ oxidative metabolism, suggesting a high adaptive capacity in response to environmental changes. These findings underscore the importance of environmental enrichment and the understanding of physiological plasticity for management practices that promote the health and welfare of ornamental fish in sustainable production systems.